Renewables and energy dependence
Does more renewable energy coincide with less dependence on imports?
27/27 countries paired. Missing or withheld: none.
Greece: X 25.36, Y 77.71. Paired-country medians: X 23.23, Y 53.50. EU27: X 25.24, Y 57.29.
Country pattern
X: Renewable share of gross final energy consumption (%)
Y: Net energy imports relative to gross available energy (%)
Dashed lines are unweighted medians of paired countries, including Greece.
Association and sensitivity
Spearman ρ: -0.625. Leave-one-country-out range: -0.669 to -0.584. Descriptive only; no significance or causal verdict. Results depend on year and cohort.
Counterexamples to a simple story
Countries in median quadrants opposite to the proposed pattern, not a statistical rejection: Bulgaria, Czechia, Greece, Spain, Croatia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Portugal
Exact country values
| Country | Year | Renewable share of gross final energy consumption (%) | Net energy imports relative to gross available energy (%) | x_flag | y_flag |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 2024 | 14.34 | 75.45 | ||
| Bulgaria | 2024 | 23.21 | 41.94 | ||
| Czechia | 2024 | 19.21 | 39.32 | ||
| Denmark | 2024 | 46.46 | 38.23 | ||
| Germany | 2024 | 22.47 | 66.81 | ||
| Estonia | 2024 | 42.23 | 4.62 | ||
| Ireland | 2024 | 16.06 | 79.53 | ||
| Greece | 2024 | 25.36 | 77.71 | ||
| Spain | 2024 | 25.42 | 68.87 | ||
| France | 2024 | 23.23 | 41.67 | ||
| Croatia | 2024 | 26.48 | 59.93 | ||
| Italy | 2024 | 19.39 | 73.88 | ||
| Cyprus | 2024 | 20.84 | 87.71 | ||
| Latvia | 2024 | 45.54 | 29.26 | ||
| Lithuania | 2024 | 35.41 | 66.01 | ||
| Luxembourg | 2024 | 14.74 | 91.03 | ||
| Hungary | 2024 | 18.26 | 48.94 | ||
| Malta | 2024 | 17.21 | 98.39 | ||
| Netherlands | 2024 | 20.18 | 70.56 | ||
| Austria | 2024 | 42.95 | 53.33 | ||
| Poland | 2024 | 17.77 | 45.67 | ||
| Portugal | 2024 | 36.32 | 64.52 | ||
| Romania | 2024 | 25.38 | 30.36 | ||
| Slovenia | 2024 | 25.00 | 46.38 | ||
| Slovakia | 2024 | 18.09 | 53.50 | ||
| Finland | 2024 | 52.12 | 32.97 | ||
| Sweden | 2024 | 62.85 | 26.50 |
Greece through time
Separate observed levels, not a pooled time-series correlation. Flags remain visible; a break does not establish a continuous trend.
Renewable share of gross final energy consumption (%)
Net energy imports relative to gross available energy (%)
Exact historical values
| Year | Renewable share of gross final energy consumption (%) | Net energy imports relative to gross available energy (%) | x_flag | y_flag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 7.16 | 72.26 | ||
| 2005 | 7.28 | 68.20 | ||
| 2006 | 7.46 | 71.42 | ||
| 2007 | 8.25 | 70.86 | ||
| 2008 | 8.18 | 72.92 | ||
| 2009 | 8.73 | 67.34 | ||
| 2010 | 10.08 | 68.58 | ||
| 2011 | 11.15 | 64.68 | ||
| 2012 | 13.74 | 65.89 | ||
| 2013 | 15.33 | 61.75 | ||
| 2014 | 15.68 | 65.46 | ||
| 2015 | 15.69 | 71.05 | ||
| 2016 | 15.39 | 72.91 | ||
| 2017 | 17.30 | 71.28 | ||
| 2018 | 18.00 | 70.68 | ||
| 2019 | 19.63 | 74.10 | ||
| 2020 | 21.75 | 81.42 | ||
| 2021 | 22.00 | 73.82 | ||
| 2022 | 22.67 | 79.51 | ||
| 2023 | 25.27 | 75.45 | ||
| 2024 | 25.36 | 77.71 |
Look beneath the averages
Renewable energy share in electricity
51.25 · 2024 · .
Sector-specific denominators; these shares cannot be added. Renewables and energy imports are not complements.
Renewable energy share in transport
3.87 · 2024 · .
Sector-specific denominators; these shares cannot be added. Renewables and energy imports are not complements.
Renewable energy share in heating and cooling
32.64 · 2024 · .
Sector-specific denominators; these shares cannot be added. Renewables and energy imports are not complements.
Follow the evidence
Related questions with explicit measurement boundaries
Each page uses its own labelled reference period. Dates and baselines are not carried across different frequencies.
Eurostat · 2026-10-25