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Events and economic change

How did Greece and Europe change around major events?

Did Greece move differently from other countries after the same milestone? Change the measure, baseline and endpoint to investigate.

Observed changes around an event, not an estimate of its effect. Anticipation, policy responses, seasonality and other shocks can also matter.

Full-scale invasion of Ukraine · 2022-02-24 · United Nations. The containing period has partial exposure: 2022-02. Baseline: 2022-01.

National HICP price indices measure price change, not cross-country price levels. Monthly indices are not seasonally adjusted.

Default window: about 12 months after the milestone. Target period: 2023-02. Showing 2023-01 · earlier endpoint to match the baseline calendar month Monthly prices allow only the baseline’s calendar month in later years. This controls calendar-month alignment, not all seasonality; intermediate points remain unadjusted. No eligible completed annual comparison means no result yet.

Fixed reporting-peer median
9.77%

26/26 · unweighted; Greece excluded

Official EU aggregate: change
9.97%

Separate from the country median

Consumer prices, all items

Change since baseline (%). Greece: blue. Other countries: grey. Official EU: dashed. Milestones: vertical dotted lines.

Full-scale invasion of Ukraine: 2022-02-24BelgiumBelgium / 2023-01: 7.42 / BulgariaBulgaria / 2023-01: 14.29 / CzechiaCzechia / 2023-01: 19.08 / DenmarkDenmark / 2023-01: 8.38 / GermanyGermany / 2023-01: 9.25 / EstoniaEstonia / 2023-01: 18.61 / IrelandIreland / 2023-01: 7.50 / SpainSpain / 2023-01: 5.86 / FranceFrance / 2023-01: 7.03 / CroatiaCroatia / 2023-01: 12.50 / ItalyItaly / 2023-01: 10.73 / CyprusCyprus / 2023-01: 6.77 / LatviaLatvia / 2023-01: 21.35 / LithuaniaLithuania / 2023-01: 18.50 / LuxembourgLuxembourg / 2023-01: 5.78 / HungaryHungary / 2023-01: 26.19 / MaltaMalta / 2023-01: 6.79 / NetherlandsNetherlands / 2023-01: 8.39 / AustriaAustria / 2023-01: 11.57 / PolandPoland / 2023-01: 15.82 / PortugalPortugal / 2023-01: 8.66 / RomaniaRomania / 2023-01: 13.44 / SloveniaSlovenia / 2023-01: 9.95 / SlovakiaSlovakia / 2023-01: 15.05 / FinlandFinland / 2023-01: 7.87 / SwedenSweden / 2023-01: 9.59 / EU27_2020EU27_2020 / 2023-01: 9.97 / GreeceGreece / 2021-02: -5.02 / Greece / 2021-03: -4.04 / Greece / 2021-04: -3.20 / Greece / 2021-05: -3.50 / Greece / 2021-06: -2.36 / Greece / 2021-07: -3.65 / Greece / 2021-08: -3.79 / Greece / 2021-09: -1.74 / Greece / 2021-10: -0.61 / Greece / 2021-11: -0.28 / Greece / 2021-12: 0.21 / Greece / 2022-01: 0.00 / Greece / 2022-02: 0.94 / Greece / 2022-03: 3.61 / Greece / 2022-04: 5.64 / Greece / 2022-05: 6.64 / Greece / 2022-06: 8.99 / Greece / 2022-07: 7.21 / Greece / 2022-08: 7.00 / Greece / 2022-09: 10.17 / Greece / 2022-10: 8.80 / Greece / 2022-11: 8.50 / Greece / 2022-12: 7.80 / Greece / 2023-01: 7.30 / -10.77.726.22021-022022-022023-01

All lines use the same baseline and endpoint; countries with missing observations or incompatible flags are excluded. No interpolation.

Country2022-012023-01Change since baseline (%)Source flags
Hungary71.4390.1426.19
Latvia77.1993.6721.35
Czechia78.9994.0619.08
Estonia75.2889.2918.61
Lithuania79.9394.7218.50
Poland78.3690.7615.82
Slovakia78.6590.4915.05
Bulgaria80.5692.0714.29
Romania75.2485.3513.44
Croatia78.9188.7712.50
Austria81.9691.4411.57
Italy86.7096.0010.73
Slovenia84.3192.709.95
Sweden85.3693.559.59
Germany85.1192.989.25
Portugal85.1192.488.66
Netherlands84.3691.448.39
Denmark89.0396.498.38
Finland89.4296.467.87
Ireland87.1093.637.50
Belgium86.3492.757.42
Greece85.2591.477.30
France88.0194.207.03
Malta84.4890.226.79
Cyprus87.5393.466.77
Spain87.0692.165.86
Luxembourg87.7892.855.78

Other milestones in this window

This is a selected timeline, not a complete list of influences. The pandemic milestone is a WHO declaration, not the first infection or a common national lockdown date.

Excluded countries: none.

Starting conditions: pre-event energy import dependence

2021. Net imports relative to gross available energy (%), not dependence on a particular supplier. Historical context only; not a causal explanation or an estimate of energy-bill exposure. No later year is substituted when missing.

CountryReference year%Source flags
Belgium202170.77
Bulgaria202136.18
Czechia202139.96
Denmark202132.23
Germany202163.40
Estonia20211.41
Ireland202177.00
Greece202173.82
Spain202169.38
France202144.04
Croatia202154.54
Italy202173.42
Cyprus202189.52
Latvia202138.34
Lithuania202173.27
Luxembourg202192.37
Hungary202154.12
Malta202197.04
Netherlands202158.45
Austria202151.95
Poland202140.46
Portugal202166.93
Romania202131.65
Slovenia202148.60
Slovakia202152.58
Finland202137.93
Sweden202121.22
Exact historical observations
CountryPeriodPeriods from milestoneSource valueChange since baseline (%)Source flags
Greece2021-02-1280.970-5.021
Greece2021-03-1181.810-4.035
Greece2021-04-1082.520-3.202
Greece2021-05-982.270-3.496
Greece2021-06-883.240-2.358
Greece2021-07-782.140-3.648
Greece2021-08-682.020-3.789
Greece2021-09-583.770-1.736
Greece2021-10-484.730-0.610
Greece2021-11-385.010-0.282
Greece2021-12-285.4300.211
Greece2022-01-185.2500.000
Greece2022-02086.0500.938
Greece2022-03188.3303.613
Greece2022-04290.0605.642
Greece2022-05390.9106.639
Greece2022-06492.9108.985
Greece2022-07591.4007.214
Greece2022-08691.2207.003
Greece2022-09793.92010.170
Greece2022-10892.7508.798
Greece2022-11992.5008.504
Greece2022-121091.9007.801
Greece2023-011191.4707.296

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Each page uses its own labelled reference period. Dates and baselines are not carried across different frequencies.

Eurostat · 2026-10-25