How large is Greek debt and what does interest cost?
How much is owed, and how much of annual revenue goes to interest? Switch the question before comparing countries.
Consolidated general-government gross debt at year-end, as a percentage of annual nominal GDP.
Fixed EU27 country set across years; country medians exclude Greece and are not an official EU aggregate.
Greece: 145.40% · 2025 · Other reporting EU countries: country median 57.30% (26/26).
Reporting: 27/27. Unavailable or withheld: none.
These are different questions. Debt/GDP describes the debt stock relative to the economy; interest/revenue describes one annual budget burden. Neither is the interest rate on a new loan. Neither establishes household prosperity, policy causality or principal repayments.
Is the debt ratio moving in the same direction elsewhere?
Greece: -37.80 percentage points · 2019 → 2025. Median change among other reporting EU countries: +5.80 (26/26).
A falling ratio can reflect debt changes, nominal GDP growth, or both. It is not the amount of debt repaid. Each country needs compatible observations in every year of this interval.
Every country’s change and excluded years
| Country | 2019 (%) | 2025 (%) | Change (pp) | Excluded years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 97.70 | 108.10 | +10.40 | |
| Bulgaria | 20.10 | 29.90 | +9.80 | |
| Czechia | 29.60 | 44.20 | +14.60 | |
| Denmark | 38.30 | 27.20 | -11.10 | |
| Germany | 58.30 | 62.80 | +4.50 | |
| Estonia | 9.00 | 24.00 | +15.00 | |
| Ireland | 55.80 | 34.80 | -21.00 | |
| Greece | 183.20 | 145.40 | -37.80 | |
| Spain | 97.70 | 100.50 | +2.80 | |
| France | 98.20 | 115.70 | +17.50 | |
| Croatia | 70.60 | 55.70 | -14.90 | |
| Italy | 134.20 | 136.70 | +2.50 | |
| Cyprus | 92.30 | 52.30 | -40.00 | |
| Latvia | 37.90 | 46.20 | +8.30 | |
| Lithuania | 35.30 | 39.30 | +4.00 | |
| Luxembourg | 22.30 | 26.00 | +3.70 | |
| Hungary | 65.00 | 74.40 | +9.40 | |
| Malta | 39.20 | 46.30 | +7.10 | |
| Netherlands | 47.70 | 44.70 | -3.00 | |
| Austria | 71.00 | 80.70 | +9.70 | |
| Poland | 45.20 | 59.60 | +14.40 | |
| Portugal | 116.10 | 89.20 | -26.90 | |
| Romania | 35.40 | 58.90 | +23.50 | |
| Slovenia | 66.00 | 65.10 | -0.90 | |
| Slovakia | 48.10 | 60.50 | +12.40 | |
| Finland | 65.30 | 88.40 | +23.10 | |
| Sweden | 36.30 | 35.10 | -1.20 |
Greece in the European distribution
Equivalent table and exact definitions
| Country | Debt / GDP (%) | Interest / revenue (%) | Source flags and limits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 108.10 | 4.60 | p; p |
| Bulgaria | 29.90 | 2.05 | |
| Czechia | 44.20 | 3.16 | |
| Denmark | 27.20 | Unavailable | Missing or ambiguous observation |
| Germany | 62.80 | 2.29 | |
| Estonia | 24.00 | 1.11 | |
| Ireland | 34.80 | 2.02 | |
| Greece | 145.40 | 6.31 | |
| Spain | 100.50 | 5.57 | |
| France | 115.70 | 4.21 | |
| Croatia | 55.70 | 2.98 | |
| Italy | 136.70 | 8.01 | |
| Cyprus | 52.30 | 2.65 | |
| Latvia | 46.20 | 2.54 | |
| Lithuania | 39.30 | 2.30 | |
| Luxembourg | 26.00 | 0.74 | |
| Hungary | 74.40 | 8.83 | |
| Malta | 46.30 | 3.44 | |
| Netherlands | 44.70 | 1.67 | p; p |
| Austria | 80.70 | 3.13 | |
| Poland | 59.60 | 5.75 | |
| Portugal | 89.20 | 4.54 | |
| Romania | 58.90 | 7.90 | |
| Slovenia | 65.10 | 2.73 | |
| Slovakia | 60.50 | 3.58 | |
| Finland | 88.40 | 3.01 | |
| Sweden | 35.10 | 1.30 |
Interest is accrued under ESA accounting, not PDMA cash payments. Debt is consolidated general-government debt; central-government totals are not substituted. Display rounding is separate from source precision.
Monthly bond-market yields, separately from these annual accounts
Eurostat · 2026-10-25